Text-overlap comparison

A Study of Autonomy English Learning on the Internet ↔ Independent English Learning through the Internet

EARLIER / SOURCE

A Study of Autonomy English Learning on the Internet

Zhong, Yunsheng · 2008

doi.org/10.5539/elt.v1n2p147
↔

LATER / FLAGGED

Independent English Learning through the Internet

Mohammad Nurul Islam · 2011

doi.org/10.4304/jltr.2.5.1080-1085
shared text 52% of the later article (2011) · 88% of the earlier (2008) matched words 2,183 near-exact shingle runs (10+ words) 13

Longest shared passage, as printed (earlier article left, later right)

The longest shared passage in both PDFs, the shared words highlighted

Near-exact word-shingle matches (10+ consecutive words, allowing substituted words within a run)

13 runs found

Shingle match 1 of 13

near-exact run 95 words substitutions 6 LCS 0.645-gram Jaccard 0.56

EARLIER¶0-2

Qinzhou 535000, China Abstract With the variety of environment and method of English learning, Autonomy English learning on the Internet is playing a more and more important role in modern English learning. It challenges the traditional learning approach, and also is forwardness. This paper points out that autonomy English learning on the Internet facilitates the improvement of the English level even more on the basis of the author’s acquisition and experience, as well as explains the favorable factors and unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, suggesting the effective strategies of autonomy English learning on the Internet. Keywords: Autonomy English learning, Internet, Virtual English environment 1. Introduction Nowadays, quality-oriented education has become the ultimate goal of our education. The core of English learning has shifted to how to develop the ability of autonomy learning anytime and anywhere. The application of internet technology has developed a new field for autonomy English learning which is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. Learning English on the Internet can create efficient and high-quality achievement in personal or mass English learning. More and more people start to pay attention to it and study how to make a full use of it. English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning.

LATER¶0-3

ISSN 1798-4769 Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 1080-1085, September 2011 © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER Manufactured in Finland. doi:10.4304/jltr.2.5.1080-1085 Email:nurulelt313@yahoo.com Abstract—The studies on independent learning based on the theories of constructivism and the advantages of technology propose valuable ideas for modern teaching theories and practices. With the variety of environment and method of English learning, independent English Learning through the Internet is playing a more and more important role in modern English learning. It challenges the traditional learning approach, and also is forwardness. This paper points out that independent English Learning through the Internet facilitates the improvement of the English level even more on the basis of the author’s acquisition and experience, as well as explains the favorable factors and unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, suggesting the effective strategies of independent English learning through the Internet. Index Terms— constructivism, independent English learning, Internet, virtual English environment. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, quality-oriented education has become the ultimate goal of our education. The core of English learning has shifted to how to develop the ability of autonomy learning anytime and anywhere. The application of internet technology has developed a new field for autonomy English learning which is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. Learning English on the Internet can create efficient and high-quality achievement in personal or mass English learning. More and more people start to pay attention to it and study how to make a full use of it. English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning. Autonomous –Learning is a modern learning theory of constructivism which means the students take charge of their own learning by caring out their own learning plans according to their own needs. It is also a student-focused learning model which emphasizes the learning environment and cooperative learning. In 1981, Holec Henry introduced the concept of “autonomous learning” in his book named Autonomy and Foreign language learning. After that, many scholars such as Lee (1998), Littlewood (2000), Garden and Miller(2002) studied the issue and made greater contribution to the field.

Shingle match 2 of 13

near-exact run 202 words substitutions 2 LCS 0.415-gram Jaccard 0.34

EARLIER¶0-4

Qinzhou 535000, China Abstract With the variety of environment and method of English learning, Autonomy English learning on the Internet is playing a more and more important role in modern English learning. It challenges the traditional learning approach, and also is forwardness. This paper points out that autonomy English learning on the Internet facilitates the improvement of the English level even more on the basis of the author’s acquisition and experience, as well as explains the favorable factors and unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, suggesting the effective strategies of autonomy English learning on the Internet. Keywords: Autonomy English learning, Internet, Virtual English environment 1. Introduction Nowadays, quality-oriented education has become the ultimate goal of our education. The core of English learning has shifted to how to develop the ability of autonomy learning anytime and anywhere. The application of internet technology has developed a new field for autonomy English learning which is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. Learning English on the Internet can create efficient and high-quality achievement in personal or mass English learning. More and more people start to pay attention to it and study how to make a full use of it. English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning. However, in China, it’s not universal that English learners use the Internet to autonomy English learning. The efficiency of learning is low, the result is not satisfactory. What are the reasons and how to deal well with the permanent approach for the ideal goal of autonomy English learning is a must to seek for the resolution. 2. Favorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet Autonomy English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students’ study. According to one’s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one’s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner’s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners’ internal factors. Adding to teachers’ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well.

LATER¶0-4

ISSN 1798-4769 Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 1080-1085, September 2011 © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER Manufactured in Finland. doi:10.4304/jltr.2.5.1080-1085 Email:nurulelt313@yahoo.com Abstract—The studies on independent learning based on the theories of constructivism and the advantages of technology propose valuable ideas for modern teaching theories and practices. With the variety of environment and method of English learning, independent English Learning through the Internet is playing a more and more important role in modern English learning. It challenges the traditional learning approach, and also is forwardness. This paper points out that independent English Learning through the Internet facilitates the improvement of the English level even more on the basis of the author’s acquisition and experience, as well as explains the favorable factors and unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, suggesting the effective strategies of independent English learning through the Internet. Index Terms— constructivism, independent English learning, Internet, virtual English environment. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, quality-oriented education has become the ultimate goal of our education. The core of English learning has shifted to how to develop the ability of autonomy learning anytime and anywhere. The application of internet technology has developed a new field for autonomy English learning which is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. Learning English on the Internet can create efficient and high-quality achievement in personal or mass English learning. More and more people start to pay attention to it and study how to make a full use of it. English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning. Autonomous –Learning is a modern learning theory of constructivism which means the students take charge of their own learning by caring out their own learning plans according to their own needs. It is also a student-focused learning model which emphasizes the learning environment and cooperative learning. In 1981, Holec Henry introduced the concept of “autonomous learning” in his book named Autonomy and Foreign language learning. After that, many scholars such as Lee (1998), Littlewood (2000), Garden and Miller(2002) studied the issue and made greater contribution to the field. By computer-aided autonomous English learning, we mean students learn and practice English language not only in the classrooms but also computer-rooms using materials on internet, learning discs and other electronic learning tools.

Shingle match 3 of 13

exact run 37 words LCS 0.095-gram Jaccard 0.04

EARLIER¶1-5

Keywords: Autonomy English learning, Internet, Virtual English environment 1. Introduction Nowadays, quality-oriented education has become the ultimate goal of our education. The core of English learning has shifted to how to develop the ability of autonomy learning anytime and anywhere. The application of internet technology has developed a new field for autonomy English learning which is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. Learning English on the Internet can create efficient and high-quality achievement in personal or mass English learning. More and more people start to pay attention to it and study how to make a full use of it. English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning. However, in China, it’s not universal that English learners use the Internet to autonomy English learning. The efficiency of learning is low, the result is not satisfactory. What are the reasons and how to deal well with the permanent approach for the ideal goal of autonomy English learning is a must to seek for the resolution. 2. Favorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet Autonomy English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students’ study. According to one’s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one’s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner’s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners’ internal factors. Adding to teachers’ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well. 3. Requirements for efficiency of autonomy English learning on the Internet 3.1 Promoting self- monitoring ability Self-monitoring ability is to play full the enthusiasm of learners and the initiative of learning, and gives the main body of individual the fundamental recognition. The self-monitoring level of students is the key factor to success in autonomy English learning in the relatively free-loose Internet environment. The Cognitive Constructivism School believed that autonomy learning was actually the learning of cognitive monitoring, and the process that students

LATER¶3-7

Autonomous –Learning is a modern learning theory of constructivism which means the students take charge of their own learning by caring out their own learning plans according to their own needs. It is also a student-focused learning model which emphasizes the learning environment and cooperative learning. In 1981, Holec Henry introduced the concept of “autonomous learning” in his book named Autonomy and Foreign language learning. After that, many scholars such as Lee (1998), Littlewood (2000), Garden and Miller(2002) studied the issue and made greater contribution to the field. By computer-aided autonomous English learning, we mean students learn and practice English language not only in the classrooms but also computer-rooms using materials on internet, learning discs and other electronic learning tools. However, in Asia, The efficiency of the use of Internet to autonomy English learning is low, the result is not satisfactory. What are the reasons and how to deal well with the permanent approach for the ideal goal of autonomy English learning is a must to seek for the resolution. II. USING THE INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY With the use of the Internet and computers increasing around the world, it seems obvious that electronic means will provide the learning environment of the future. Instant messaging has been quite popular for some time and the rate of usage around the world is increasing as more people, especially in developing countries, are able to get online. Other forms of communication over the Internet include discussion boards, interactive blogs, and online forums. In addition, many English students are downloading English music, movies, and TV shows that allow them to get exposure to different accents and expressions from around the world. Other virtual environments can be used to develop language skills while also morphing the task of learning into an enjoyable hobby. Social networks such as Face book, MySpace and Second Life have the potential to create awareness about language that will drive people at a very young age to become involved in learning language. Second Life, is a free program from the internet that allows you to create your own virtual environment where you can interact in real time through talking or typing with over 12 million subscribers worldwide. This environment, where you create a name and an avatar for yourself, enables the user to create a world where they are surrounded by stimulus

Shingle match 4 of 13

near-exact run 310 words substitutions 13 LCS 0.185-gram Jaccard 0.26

EARLIER¶2-7

English learning needs an English environment, but we cannot always communicate with the native speakers of English face to face. What teaching of traditional English adopted is one-way teaching mode from teacher to student, which violates the essence of language teaching that is cultivating students' language communication competence. Now, we could say that the Internet shrinks and bridges the distance between the people of the world in space, and makes a globalized communicational stage. The way using the Internet to learn English can compensate for the lack of general approach with no real English environment, which will greatly enhance English autonomy learning. However, in China, it’s not universal that English learners use the Internet to autonomy English learning. The efficiency of learning is low, the result is not satisfactory. What are the reasons and how to deal well with the permanent approach for the ideal goal of autonomy English learning is a must to seek for the resolution. 2. Favorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet Autonomy English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students’ study. According to one’s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one’s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner’s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners’ internal factors. Adding to teachers’ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well. 3. Requirements for efficiency of autonomy English learning on the Internet 3.1 Promoting self- monitoring ability Self-monitoring ability is to play full the enthusiasm of learners and the initiative of learning, and gives the main body of individual the fundamental recognition. The self-monitoring level of students is the key factor to success in autonomy English learning in the relatively free-loose Internet environment. The Cognitive Constructivism School believed that autonomy learning was actually the learning of cognitive monitoring, and the process that students Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 148 actively adjust learning strategies and effort based on their learning abilities and learning tasks. Learning strategies mean the various actions and steps students take in order to effectively study and develop themselves. In order to really realize promoting self-monitoring ability, the followings are additional. First, learners should establish a good learning goal. Second, learners should formulate feasible study plan. Third, learners should optimize the self-evaluation for his learning process, confidence and effects.

LATER¶14-19

V. THE ROLE OF INSTRUCTOR IN INDEPENDENT LEARNING While examples of several exceptional students have been given, the fact remains that the average student does not possess the drive or motivation to acquire language this way. In their 2002 study, Chen, Spratt, and Humphreys conducted a large-scale study on learner autonomy at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University where they aimed to represent the students‟ views on responsibility, motivation, and decision making outside of the classroom. In this study, Chen et al. conclude that the vast majority of students view their instructor as playing a major role in the development of their language skills. This study has pedagogical implications, as it is argues that understanding the students‟ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1082 perceptions on learning can help a teacher identify what responsibilities can be transferred to the student. (Chen et al., 2002) This is quite similar to the case in Japan, where a lot of pressure is placed on students to succeed which in turn discourages one from taking learning into their own hands. It appears safer for the student to follow the lead of the instructor. While language learners in Asia are exposed to studying language at a very young age as a means to pass an entrance test, this has really resulted in a spoon-feeding education system where the student needs to focus on the material presented in class in order to pass a test that will ultimately determine the university they attend and the career options that may be presented to them after graduation. VI. FAVORABLE FACTORS OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET Independent English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students‟ study. According to one‟s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one‟s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner‟s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners‟ internal factors. Adding to teachers‟ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well. VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR EFFICIENCY OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET A. Promoting Self- monitoring Ability Self-monitoring ability is to play full the enthusiasm of learners and the initiative of learning, and gives the main body of individual the fundamental recognition. The self-monitoring level of students is the key factor to success in autonomy English learning in the relatively free-loose Internet environment. The Cognitive Constructivism School believed that autonomy learning was actually the learning of cognitive monitoring, and the process those students actively adjust learning strategies and effort based on their learning abilities and learning tasks. Learning strategies mean the various actions and steps students take in order to effectively study and develop themselves. In order to really realize promoting self-monitoring ability, the followings are additional. First, learners should establish a good learning goal. Second, learners should formulate feasible study plan. Third, learners should optimize the self-evaluation for his learning process, confidence and effects. B. Strengthening Cooperation In the situation of all mass organizations, random and disorder, which easily lead to "information Trek" and "information overload", and at the isolation between students and teachers, which always leads the role of teacher and teaching management weakening at learning on the Internet, it is very practical for the present learners to strengthen and develop the strong awareness of cooperation among the mass of autonomy English learners on the Internet. Most students in the personal autonomy English learning on the Internet are generally lack of stamina. The development of autonomy English learning ability on the Internet should not be blindly optimistic. First all, they need realize that fact that teachers are the most direct and important guide, partners and supervisors for providing a good environment, helping students strengthen their autonomy consciousness and develop independent learning behaviors, so as to enhance the capacity of autonomy learning, specifically to manifest in learning strategies, to ensure the implementation of the plan, to build a learning platform for students and timely to provide students with the necessary knowledge, skills and many other help; to direct students formulate learning goals, to encourage more cooperation between the learner groups and supervise the realization of self-evaluation C. Optimizing of Network Configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders‟ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders‟ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the

Shingle match 5 of 13

near-exact run 414 words substitutions 4 LCS 0.205-gram Jaccard 0.63

EARLIER¶4-11

2. Favorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet Autonomy English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students’ study. According to one’s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one’s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner’s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners’ internal factors. Adding to teachers’ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well. 3. Requirements for efficiency of autonomy English learning on the Internet 3.1 Promoting self- monitoring ability Self-monitoring ability is to play full the enthusiasm of learners and the initiative of learning, and gives the main body of individual the fundamental recognition. The self-monitoring level of students is the key factor to success in autonomy English learning in the relatively free-loose Internet environment. The Cognitive Constructivism School believed that autonomy learning was actually the learning of cognitive monitoring, and the process that students Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 148 actively adjust learning strategies and effort based on their learning abilities and learning tasks. Learning strategies mean the various actions and steps students take in order to effectively study and develop themselves. In order to really realize promoting self-monitoring ability, the followings are additional. First, learners should establish a good learning goal. Second, learners should formulate feasible study plan. Third, learners should optimize the self-evaluation for his learning process, confidence and effects. 3.2 Strengthening cooperation In the situation of all mass organizations, random and disorder, which easily lead to "information Trek" and "information overload", and at the isolation between students and teachers, which always leads the role of teacher and teaching management weakening at learning on the Internet, it is very practical for the present learners to strengthen and develop the strong awareness of cooperation among the mass of autonomy English learners on the Internet. Most students in the personal autonomy English learning on the Internet are generally lack of stamina. The development of autonomy English learning ability on the Internet should not be blindly optimistic. First all, they need realize that fact that teachers are the most direct and important guide, partners and supervisors for providing a good environment, helping students strengthen their autonomy consciousness and develop independent learning behaviors, so as to enhance the capacity of autonomy learning, specifically to manifest in learning strategies, to ensure the implementation of the plan, to build a learning platform for students and timely to provide students with the necessary knowledge, skills and many other help; to direct students formulate learning goals, to encourage more cooperation between the learner groups and supervise the realization of self-evaluation 3.3 Optimizing of network configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders’ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders’ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet. 4. Approaches of autonomy English learning on Internet 4.1 English learning website As we all know, the content and knowledge in class are limited, and are impractical. The application of Internet technology has greatly broken the limitations of space and time in class. Autonomy English learning on the Internet can spread the knowledge from in class to out of class. Of course, websites cannot take the place of library, but it has its own special functions while the library has not, such as, speed of search, immediate information, etc. Some sites provide large amount of English language learning and information, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, testing, and background knowledge. That information, including some audio and visual information can be downloaded. It has been recommended two foreign English language learning websites as following:

LATER¶15-21

JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1082 perceptions on learning can help a teacher identify what responsibilities can be transferred to the student. (Chen et al., 2002) This is quite similar to the case in Japan, where a lot of pressure is placed on students to succeed which in turn discourages one from taking learning into their own hands. It appears safer for the student to follow the lead of the instructor. While language learners in Asia are exposed to studying language at a very young age as a means to pass an entrance test, this has really resulted in a spoon-feeding education system where the student needs to focus on the material presented in class in order to pass a test that will ultimately determine the university they attend and the career options that may be presented to them after graduation. VI. FAVORABLE FACTORS OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET Independent English learning on the Internet is one of the most important learning approaches which mostly reflects the main part and individual-orientation of students‟ study. According to one‟s conditions, a person can choose the learning materials, methods and the depth of study; arrange study on one‟s own schedule. As we all know, different people have different background knowledge, study ability and cognitive ability on study. In class, teachers always have no time to focus on the different acceptance specially. So, there is not efficient. While it is extremely different in the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet, which always offers the great initiative on study, rich variety of choices, typical individual character of study, notional flexibility for arrangement and pleased dynamic interaction. Of course, there are some relatively unfavorable factors of autonomy English learning on the Internet, for example, appearing poor ability of learner‟s autonomy English learning, negative impact of English learning motivation and other external environmental impact. It is a considerable issue to find the resolution to overcoming how to approach the former and avoid the latter. All in all, autonomy English learning on the Internet depends on the learners‟ internal factors. Adding to teachers‟ supervision, assistance and guidance, the subjective willing of the learners is the key to the goal of learning English on the Internet well. VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR EFFICIENCY OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET A. Promoting Self- monitoring Ability Self-monitoring ability is to play full the enthusiasm of learners and the initiative of learning, and gives the main body of individual the fundamental recognition. The self-monitoring level of students is the key factor to success in autonomy English learning in the relatively free-loose Internet environment. The Cognitive Constructivism School believed that autonomy learning was actually the learning of cognitive monitoring, and the process those students actively adjust learning strategies and effort based on their learning abilities and learning tasks. Learning strategies mean the various actions and steps students take in order to effectively study and develop themselves. In order to really realize promoting self-monitoring ability, the followings are additional. First, learners should establish a good learning goal. Second, learners should formulate feasible study plan. Third, learners should optimize the self-evaluation for his learning process, confidence and effects. B. Strengthening Cooperation In the situation of all mass organizations, random and disorder, which easily lead to "information Trek" and "information overload", and at the isolation between students and teachers, which always leads the role of teacher and teaching management weakening at learning on the Internet, it is very practical for the present learners to strengthen and develop the strong awareness of cooperation among the mass of autonomy English learners on the Internet. Most students in the personal autonomy English learning on the Internet are generally lack of stamina. The development of autonomy English learning ability on the Internet should not be blindly optimistic. First all, they need realize that fact that teachers are the most direct and important guide, partners and supervisors for providing a good environment, helping students strengthen their autonomy consciousness and develop independent learning behaviors, so as to enhance the capacity of autonomy learning, specifically to manifest in learning strategies, to ensure the implementation of the plan, to build a learning platform for students and timely to provide students with the necessary knowledge, skills and many other help; to direct students formulate learning goals, to encourage more cooperation between the learner groups and supervise the realization of self-evaluation C. Optimizing of Network Configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders‟ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders‟ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1083 advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet.

Shingle match 6 of 13

near-exact run 147 words substitutions 2 LCS 0.275-gram Jaccard 0.72

EARLIER¶7-13

In order to really realize promoting self-monitoring ability, the followings are additional. First, learners should establish a good learning goal. Second, learners should formulate feasible study plan. Third, learners should optimize the self-evaluation for his learning process, confidence and effects. 3.2 Strengthening cooperation In the situation of all mass organizations, random and disorder, which easily lead to "information Trek" and "information overload", and at the isolation between students and teachers, which always leads the role of teacher and teaching management weakening at learning on the Internet, it is very practical for the present learners to strengthen and develop the strong awareness of cooperation among the mass of autonomy English learners on the Internet. Most students in the personal autonomy English learning on the Internet are generally lack of stamina. The development of autonomy English learning ability on the Internet should not be blindly optimistic. First all, they need realize that fact that teachers are the most direct and important guide, partners and supervisors for providing a good environment, helping students strengthen their autonomy consciousness and develop independent learning behaviors, so as to enhance the capacity of autonomy learning, specifically to manifest in learning strategies, to ensure the implementation of the plan, to build a learning platform for students and timely to provide students with the necessary knowledge, skills and many other help; to direct students formulate learning goals, to encourage more cooperation between the learner groups and supervise the realization of self-evaluation 3.3 Optimizing of network configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders’ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders’ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet. 4. Approaches of autonomy English learning on Internet 4.1 English learning website As we all know, the content and knowledge in class are limited, and are impractical. The application of Internet technology has greatly broken the limitations of space and time in class. Autonomy English learning on the Internet can spread the knowledge from in class to out of class. Of course, websites cannot take the place of library, but it has its own special functions while the library has not, such as, speed of search, immediate information, etc. Some sites provide large amount of English language learning and information, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, testing, and background knowledge. That information, including some audio and visual information can be downloaded. It has been recommended two foreign English language learning websites as following: 1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. 4.2 English learning magazine There are many free English learning magazines and regular e-mail about English learning for you on the Internet. Now here are several free e-mail magazines. Firstly, you can send an email to this address: vu47-request@burger.forfree.com. On the body of letter, you only need write: subscribe vu47 and your e-mail address. You will receive an email on

LATER¶18-24

B. Strengthening Cooperation In the situation of all mass organizations, random and disorder, which easily lead to "information Trek" and "information overload", and at the isolation between students and teachers, which always leads the role of teacher and teaching management weakening at learning on the Internet, it is very practical for the present learners to strengthen and develop the strong awareness of cooperation among the mass of autonomy English learners on the Internet. Most students in the personal autonomy English learning on the Internet are generally lack of stamina. The development of autonomy English learning ability on the Internet should not be blindly optimistic. First all, they need realize that fact that teachers are the most direct and important guide, partners and supervisors for providing a good environment, helping students strengthen their autonomy consciousness and develop independent learning behaviors, so as to enhance the capacity of autonomy learning, specifically to manifest in learning strategies, to ensure the implementation of the plan, to build a learning platform for students and timely to provide students with the necessary knowledge, skills and many other help; to direct students formulate learning goals, to encourage more cooperation between the learner groups and supervise the realization of self-evaluation C. Optimizing of Network Configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders‟ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders‟ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1083 advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet. VIII. APPROACHES OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET A. English Learning Website As we all know, the content and knowledge in class are limited, and are impractical. The application of Internet technology has greatly broken the limitations of space and time in class. Autonomy English learning on the Internet can spread the knowledge from in class to out of class. Of course, websites cannot take the place of library, but it has its own special functions while the library has not, such as, speed of search, immediate information, etc. Some sites provide large amount of English language learning and information, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, testing, and background knowledge. That information, including some audio and visual information can be downloaded. It has been recommended two foreign English language learning websites as following: 1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. B. EX*CHANGE: An ESL Web Magazine In an initial attempt to implement language learning resources on the Web, Li and other graduate students at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign founded the ESL web magazine EX*CHANGE(Shetzer, 1995; Zhao, Li & Hegelheimer, 1995). Their purpose was to explore ways in which high-quality ESL learning resources could be accumulated, organized and presented on the Web.

Shingle match 7 of 13

exact run 165 words LCS 0.335-gram Jaccard 0.37

EARLIER¶9-14

3.3 Optimizing of network configuration There are many elements to influence the quality of English learning network, such as, the restriction of builders’ purpose, foreign languages level, technology. As well as, the laws and regulations to protect the copyright of network is imperfect at present. The contents of the website are seriously challenged. We should establish a sense of innovation and appeal to professionals joining in the building of websites for the stabile team of building sites. Sites builders’ occupation, education philosophy, English degree, the level of modern educational technology, and interest can influence the quality of websites. Voices of English as an example: because site builders are experts of foreign language teaching and network education, its website has these advantages: positioning clear, distinctive features, abundant resources, rational design and high interactive. Excellent English language learning websites should reflect the advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet. 4. Approaches of autonomy English learning on Internet 4.1 English learning website As we all know, the content and knowledge in class are limited, and are impractical. The application of Internet technology has greatly broken the limitations of space and time in class. Autonomy English learning on the Internet can spread the knowledge from in class to out of class. Of course, websites cannot take the place of library, but it has its own special functions while the library has not, such as, speed of search, immediate information, etc. Some sites provide large amount of English language learning and information, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, testing, and background knowledge. That information, including some audio and visual information can be downloaded. It has been recommended two foreign English language learning websites as following: 1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. 4.2 English learning magazine There are many free English learning magazines and regular e-mail about English learning for you on the Internet. Now here are several free e-mail magazines. Firstly, you can send an email to this address: vu47-request@burger.forfree.com. On the body of letter, you only need write: subscribe vu47 and your e-mail address. You will receive an email on English Language Teaching December, 2008 149 English vocabulary, phrases and syntax every week. Secondly, you can send an email to this address: trivia@mailbits.com. You will receive a daily e-mail to give an explanation or tell stories and dubious origin for a word of English and a form of expression. Thirdly, you can send an email to this address: up-to-date-idioms-subscribe@ onelist.co m. You will receive an e-mail each working day. They teach you an American idiom each time, and give out an explanation and an example. Fourthly, domestic free e-mail magazine, "English Zone". Please send e-mail to the address: list@soim.com. Theme written: subscribe English. You will receive three English learning e-mails every week.

LATER¶20-25

JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1083 advanced teaching philosophy. The development of English-language websites ultimately depends on English educators of their own efforts. English teachers are familiar with the teaching and learning process and education regulation that should become the major force of the construction of sites. Measures should be taken to guide and encourage English teachers learning multimedia and network technology, and actively participate in the construction of English learning websites, so that they can establish a number of high-quality sites to meet the growing demands of English learners and promote network process of China's English Learning. At the same time, we should encourage dialogues between English teachers and computer or network professional and technical personnel to cooperate in the development of sites, in order to form a specialized and diversified construction site team for the whole soul and heart to serve the learner on Internet. VIII. APPROACHES OF INDEPENDENT ENGLISH LEARNING THROUGH THE INTERNET A. English Learning Website As we all know, the content and knowledge in class are limited, and are impractical. The application of Internet technology has greatly broken the limitations of space and time in class. Autonomy English learning on the Internet can spread the knowledge from in class to out of class. Of course, websites cannot take the place of library, but it has its own special functions while the library has not, such as, speed of search, immediate information, etc. Some sites provide large amount of English language learning and information, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, testing, and background knowledge. That information, including some audio and visual information can be downloaded. It has been recommended two foreign English language learning websites as following: 1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. B. EX*CHANGE: An ESL Web Magazine In an initial attempt to implement language learning resources on the Web, Li and other graduate students at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign founded the ESL web magazine EX*CHANGE(Shetzer, 1995; Zhao, Li & Hegelheimer, 1995). Their purpose was to explore ways in which high-quality ESL learning resources could be accumulated, organized and presented on the Web. C. English Learning Discussion Group by E-mail It‟s a more economic way to subscribe by e-mail. There are many English learning discussion groups on the Internet, such as, the intensive English forum, science and technology English forum, the English Writing forum and teaching discussion forum. I recommend three abroad discussion groups. 1) “English writing forum”: you should send an email to the address: listerv@listserv.net. You should write “SUBSCRIBE ECOMP-L” on letter body. 2) “English learning lover”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@coe.Missouri.edu. Besides, you should write “subscribe English-L” on letter body. 3) “BBC”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@listserv.bbc.uk and you should write “subscribe BBC-ELT” on letter body.

Shingle match 8 of 13

near-exact run 62 words substitutions 1 LCS 0.515-gram Jaccard 0.51

EARLIER¶13-17

4.2 English learning magazine There are many free English learning magazines and regular e-mail about English learning for you on the Internet. Now here are several free e-mail magazines. Firstly, you can send an email to this address: vu47-request@burger.forfree.com. On the body of letter, you only need write: subscribe vu47 and your e-mail address. You will receive an email on English Language Teaching December, 2008 149 English vocabulary, phrases and syntax every week. Secondly, you can send an email to this address: trivia@mailbits.com. You will receive a daily e-mail to give an explanation or tell stories and dubious origin for a word of English and a form of expression. Thirdly, you can send an email to this address: up-to-date-idioms-subscribe@ onelist.co m. You will receive an e-mail each working day. They teach you an American idiom each time, and give out an explanation and an example. Fourthly, domestic free e-mail magazine, "English Zone". Please send e-mail to the address: list@soim.com. Theme written: subscribe English. You will receive three English learning e-mails every week. 4.3 English Learning Discussion Group by E-mail It’s a more economic way to subscribe by e-mail. There are many English learning discussion groups on the Internet, such as, the intensive English forum, science and technology English forum, the English Writing forum and teaching discussion forum. I recommend three abroad discussion groups. 1) “English writing forum”: you should send an email to the address: listerv@listserv.net . You should write “SUBSCRIBE ECOMP-L” on letter body. 2) “English learning lover”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@coe.Missouri.edu. Besides, you should write “subscribe English-L” on letter body. 3) “BBC”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@listserv.bbc.uk and you should write “subscribe BBC-ELT” on letter body. There are different methods to subscribe to the different thematic discussion groups. Generally speaking, when one sends these e-mails to reserve some topics of discussion groups, will receive two letters. One is that you have been notified to accede to the forum; the other is to introduce something about it, such as the aims, using method, managers and competent units of the name and address. Some enable you to reply upon its requirements, and some let you read the group's charter and regulations. After agreement, you have to reply a signed e-mail to two important addresses. One is sent to all members of topics discussion group, where you can ask questions or raise your points of view on the issues of others. If the group includes 1,000 people, all of them can see your issues and perspectives. The other is sent to the person in charge of the group. If you have any technical problems or you want to withdraw from this group, you can send an e-mail to this address with much care. 4.4 English chat room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice.

LATER¶23-27

1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. B. EX*CHANGE: An ESL Web Magazine In an initial attempt to implement language learning resources on the Web, Li and other graduate students at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign founded the ESL web magazine EX*CHANGE(Shetzer, 1995; Zhao, Li & Hegelheimer, 1995). Their purpose was to explore ways in which high-quality ESL learning resources could be accumulated, organized and presented on the Web. C. English Learning Discussion Group by E-mail It‟s a more economic way to subscribe by e-mail. There are many English learning discussion groups on the Internet, such as, the intensive English forum, science and technology English forum, the English Writing forum and teaching discussion forum. I recommend three abroad discussion groups. 1) “English writing forum”: you should send an email to the address: listerv@listserv.net. You should write “SUBSCRIBE ECOMP-L” on letter body. 2) “English learning lover”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@coe.Missouri.edu. Besides, you should write “subscribe English-L” on letter body. 3) “BBC”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@listserv.bbc.uk and you should write “subscribe BBC-ELT” on letter body. There are different methods to subscribe to the different thematic discussion groups. Generally speaking, when one sends these e-mails to reserve some topics of discussion groups, will receive two letters. One is that you have been notified to accede to the forum; the other is to introduce something about it, such as the aims, using method, managers and competent units of the name and address. Some enable you to reply upon its requirements, and some let you read the group's charter and regulations. After agreement, you have to reply a signed e-mail to two important addresses. One is sent to all members of topics discussion group, where you can ask questions or raise your points of view on the issues of others. If the group includes 1,000 people, all of them can see your issues and perspectives. The other is sent to the person in charge of the group. If you have any technical problems or you want to withdraw from this group, you can send an e-mail to this address with much care. D. English Chat Room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice.

Shingle match 9 of 13

near-exact run 356 words substitutions 3 LCS 0.355-gram Jaccard 0.52

EARLIER¶13-20

4.2 English learning magazine There are many free English learning magazines and regular e-mail about English learning for you on the Internet. Now here are several free e-mail magazines. Firstly, you can send an email to this address: vu47-request@burger.forfree.com. On the body of letter, you only need write: subscribe vu47 and your e-mail address. You will receive an email on English Language Teaching December, 2008 149 English vocabulary, phrases and syntax every week. Secondly, you can send an email to this address: trivia@mailbits.com. You will receive a daily e-mail to give an explanation or tell stories and dubious origin for a word of English and a form of expression. Thirdly, you can send an email to this address: up-to-date-idioms-subscribe@ onelist.co m. You will receive an e-mail each working day. They teach you an American idiom each time, and give out an explanation and an example. Fourthly, domestic free e-mail magazine, "English Zone". Please send e-mail to the address: list@soim.com. Theme written: subscribe English. You will receive three English learning e-mails every week. 4.3 English Learning Discussion Group by E-mail It’s a more economic way to subscribe by e-mail. There are many English learning discussion groups on the Internet, such as, the intensive English forum, science and technology English forum, the English Writing forum and teaching discussion forum. I recommend three abroad discussion groups. 1) “English writing forum”: you should send an email to the address: listerv@listserv.net . You should write “SUBSCRIBE ECOMP-L” on letter body. 2) “English learning lover”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@coe.Missouri.edu. Besides, you should write “subscribe English-L” on letter body. 3) “BBC”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@listserv.bbc.uk and you should write “subscribe BBC-ELT” on letter body. There are different methods to subscribe to the different thematic discussion groups. Generally speaking, when one sends these e-mails to reserve some topics of discussion groups, will receive two letters. One is that you have been notified to accede to the forum; the other is to introduce something about it, such as the aims, using method, managers and competent units of the name and address. Some enable you to reply upon its requirements, and some let you read the group's charter and regulations. After agreement, you have to reply a signed e-mail to two important addresses. One is sent to all members of topics discussion group, where you can ask questions or raise your points of view on the issues of others. If the group includes 1,000 people, all of them can see your issues and perspectives. The other is sent to the person in charge of the group. If you have any technical problems or you want to withdraw from this group, you can send an e-mail to this address with much care. 4.4 English chat room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice. Now, you can invite foreign teachers to your home and talk with native speakers anywhere and anytime. That makes the best use of the communication function of the Internet and brakes limitation of time and space. English chatting needs quick reflection. So, it’s a very good promotion to virtual communication. Chatting on the Internet, you can understand different country’s cultural connotation and background. Meanwhile, it can stimulate the interest in oral or write, and improve the level step by step. Now I recommend Yahoo chat rooms. When you enter into Yahoo website: http://events.yahoo.com/netevent/Chat_Rooms/ , firstly you must conduct chat room registration, and then you will be requested to have a name and a password. Then, you must fill a number of other elements, such as: Address and e-mail address, etc. Finally, you can enter the chat room. 4.5 Foreign pen pals on Internet We can communicate with foreign pen pals via e-mail on the Internet. There are several websites to making pen pals. In these pages, you can see the dating ads by people from various countries to make friends. you can choose to make your friends, or you could play your own Personal ads, soon you will receive the e-mail from your friends. I recommend three pen pal web sites: 1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html 2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ 3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends’ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites.

LATER¶23-30

1) http://eleaston.com/english.html 2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ If you want to visit more pages, you can use the search engine, such as: Yahoo. You can type: "TESL", "ESL", "TEFL", "EFL", "English learning”,” English Study", or "Distance learning”, you will get what you want. B. EX*CHANGE: An ESL Web Magazine In an initial attempt to implement language learning resources on the Web, Li and other graduate students at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign founded the ESL web magazine EX*CHANGE(Shetzer, 1995; Zhao, Li & Hegelheimer, 1995). Their purpose was to explore ways in which high-quality ESL learning resources could be accumulated, organized and presented on the Web. C. English Learning Discussion Group by E-mail It‟s a more economic way to subscribe by e-mail. There are many English learning discussion groups on the Internet, such as, the intensive English forum, science and technology English forum, the English Writing forum and teaching discussion forum. I recommend three abroad discussion groups. 1) “English writing forum”: you should send an email to the address: listerv@listserv.net. You should write “SUBSCRIBE ECOMP-L” on letter body. 2) “English learning lover”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@coe.Missouri.edu. Besides, you should write “subscribe English-L” on letter body. 3) “BBC”: you should send an email to the address: Majordomo@listserv.bbc.uk and you should write “subscribe BBC-ELT” on letter body. There are different methods to subscribe to the different thematic discussion groups. Generally speaking, when one sends these e-mails to reserve some topics of discussion groups, will receive two letters. One is that you have been notified to accede to the forum; the other is to introduce something about it, such as the aims, using method, managers and competent units of the name and address. Some enable you to reply upon its requirements, and some let you read the group's charter and regulations. After agreement, you have to reply a signed e-mail to two important addresses. One is sent to all members of topics discussion group, where you can ask questions or raise your points of view on the issues of others. If the group includes 1,000 people, all of them can see your issues and perspectives. The other is sent to the person in charge of the group. If you have any technical problems or you want to withdraw from this group, you can send an e-mail to this address with much care. D. English Chat Room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice. Now, you can invite foreign teachers to your home and talk with native speakers anywhere and anytime. That makes the best use of the communication function of the Internet and brakes limitation of time and space. English chatting needs quick reflection. So, it‟s a very good promotion to virtual communication. Chatting on the Internet, you can understand different country‟s cultural connotation and background. Meanwhile, it can stimulate the interest in oral or write, and improve the level step by step. E. Foreign Pen Pals on Internet JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1084 We can communicate with foreign pen pals via e-mail on the Internet. There are several websites to making pen pals. In these pages, you can see the dating ads by people from various countries to make friends. You can choose to make your friends, or you could play your own Personal ads, soon you will receive the e-mail from your friends. I recommend three pen pal web sites: (1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html (2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ (3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends‟ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites.

Shingle match 10 of 13

near-exact run 221 words substitutions 6 LCS 0.255-gram Jaccard 0.44

EARLIER¶17-23

4.4 English chat room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice. Now, you can invite foreign teachers to your home and talk with native speakers anywhere and anytime. That makes the best use of the communication function of the Internet and brakes limitation of time and space. English chatting needs quick reflection. So, it’s a very good promotion to virtual communication. Chatting on the Internet, you can understand different country’s cultural connotation and background. Meanwhile, it can stimulate the interest in oral or write, and improve the level step by step. Now I recommend Yahoo chat rooms. When you enter into Yahoo website: http://events.yahoo.com/netevent/Chat_Rooms/ , firstly you must conduct chat room registration, and then you will be requested to have a name and a password. Then, you must fill a number of other elements, such as: Address and e-mail address, etc. Finally, you can enter the chat room. 4.5 Foreign pen pals on Internet We can communicate with foreign pen pals via e-mail on the Internet. There are several websites to making pen pals. In these pages, you can see the dating ads by people from various countries to make friends. you can choose to make your friends, or you could play your own Personal ads, soon you will receive the e-mail from your friends. I recommend three pen pal web sites: 1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html 2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ 3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends’ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites. 4.6 Online electronic bulletin board system Electronic bulletin boards system (BBS) also is called ‘forum’. We can participate in online electronic bulletin board system to English study and discussion. Electronic bulletin boards system like a big bulletin board, you can paste the issue of English learning to the above, and advocate the problems in the process of learning English. You can exchange of experience and discuss with your friends to find the best answer on it. Firstly, you have to conduct user registration in the relevant forums, such as the English forums of Sohu educational channel (http://learning.sohu.com/), and then enter into the bulletin board. If you want to visit more electronic bulletin board system, you can type "BBS" to conduct searches. Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 150 5. Conclusion We find the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multi-leveled and multi-formed. Moreover, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although autonomy learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it’s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Autonomy English learning on the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of autonomy English learning on the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

LATER¶27-33

D. English Chat Room In order to develop oral English, many people take oral class, chat with foreign teachers, or participate in English corners on campus. However, they still find it little effective. The key reason is that their confidence is not enough. And the next is their package of abundant practice. Now, you can invite foreign teachers to your home and talk with native speakers anywhere and anytime. That makes the best use of the communication function of the Internet and brakes limitation of time and space. English chatting needs quick reflection. So, it‟s a very good promotion to virtual communication. Chatting on the Internet, you can understand different country‟s cultural connotation and background. Meanwhile, it can stimulate the interest in oral or write, and improve the level step by step. E. Foreign Pen Pals on Internet JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1084 We can communicate with foreign pen pals via e-mail on the Internet. There are several websites to making pen pals. In these pages, you can see the dating ads by people from various countries to make friends. You can choose to make your friends, or you could play your own Personal ads, soon you will receive the e-mail from your friends. I recommend three pen pal web sites: (1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html (2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ (3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends‟ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites. F. Online Electronic Bulletin Board System Electronic bulletin boards system (BBS) also is called „forum‟. We can participate in online electronic bulletin board system to English study and discussion. Electronic bulletin boards system like a big bulletin board, you can paste the issue of English learning to the above, and advocate the problems in the process of learning English. You can exchange of experience and discuss with your friends to find the best answer on it. Firstly, you have to conduct user registration in the relevant forums, such as the English forums of Sohu educational channel (http://learning.sohu.com/), and then enter into the bulletin board. If you want to visit more electronic bulletin board system, you can type "BBS" to conduct searches. G. About Computer-room Learning Materials Some ESL teachers in China (2010) carefully reviewed and previewed software; they want learners to use to ensure an appropriate fit with their lesson objectives. H. The Web-sites Teacher Chose for Students Were: (1)About computer knowledge and skills: www.ask.com/, www.ajkids.com/, www.encarta.msn.com/, www.google.com, www.about.com/, and www.demoz.org/.

Shingle match 11 of 13

near-exact run 47 words substitutions 3 LCS 0.135-gram Jaccard 0.22

EARLIER¶20-23

1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html 2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ 3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends’ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites. 4.6 Online electronic bulletin board system Electronic bulletin boards system (BBS) also is called ‘forum’. We can participate in online electronic bulletin board system to English study and discussion. Electronic bulletin boards system like a big bulletin board, you can paste the issue of English learning to the above, and advocate the problems in the process of learning English. You can exchange of experience and discuss with your friends to find the best answer on it. Firstly, you have to conduct user registration in the relevant forums, such as the English forums of Sohu educational channel (http://learning.sohu.com/), and then enter into the bulletin board. If you want to visit more electronic bulletin board system, you can type "BBS" to conduct searches. Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 150 5. Conclusion We find the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multi-leveled and multi-formed. Moreover, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although autonomy learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it’s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Autonomy English learning on the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of autonomy English learning on the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

LATER¶39-42

 Words from pictures - CTRL + right-clicking on a word within an image (for example, the 'Free' in the Wikipedia logo) will ask WordWeb to guess the word. (Note that right-clicking 'Encyclopedia' in the same logo returns 'Emyrlnpewa'). WordWeb 5 added the ability to list entries from three web sources: Wikipedia, Wiktionary, and WordWeb Online. These details are presented in three separate tabs, which are built into the client application. Version 6 added audio pronunciations and support for third-party Oxford and Chambers add-on dictionaries. IX. CONCLUSION A paper of this length cannot completely cover the topic of internet-based language learning. In the end, it has been uncovered that the approach of independent English learning through the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multileveled and multi-formed. In addition, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although independent learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it‟s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Independent English learning through the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Moreover, in attempts to promote a higher level of learner autonomy in Asia, it is JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1085 important for the instructor to encourage and organize team activities and homework assignments that will force students to explore realms and means that could ultimately pique a greater interest in autonomous learning. As English instructors, it becomes our responsibility to not only teach a language, but to also inform and instruct how to study outside the classroom. This will be accomplished by presenting tasks that inspire the learner to take learning into their own hands. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of Independent English learning through the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

Shingle match 12 of 13

near-exact run 95 words substitutions 4 LCS 0.135-gram Jaccard 0.22

EARLIER¶20-23

1).http://www.wfi.fr/volterre/keypals.html 2). http://deil2.lang.uiuc.edu/penpals/ 3) http://www.linguistic-funland.com/addapal.html If you want to visit more friends’ websites, you can search them through engines. You can type "pen pal" and "key pal”, you will find more websites. 4.6 Online electronic bulletin board system Electronic bulletin boards system (BBS) also is called ‘forum’. We can participate in online electronic bulletin board system to English study and discussion. Electronic bulletin boards system like a big bulletin board, you can paste the issue of English learning to the above, and advocate the problems in the process of learning English. You can exchange of experience and discuss with your friends to find the best answer on it. Firstly, you have to conduct user registration in the relevant forums, such as the English forums of Sohu educational channel (http://learning.sohu.com/), and then enter into the bulletin board. If you want to visit more electronic bulletin board system, you can type "BBS" to conduct searches. Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 150 5. Conclusion We find the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multi-leveled and multi-formed. Moreover, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although autonomy learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it’s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Autonomy English learning on the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of autonomy English learning on the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

LATER¶39-42

 Words from pictures - CTRL + right-clicking on a word within an image (for example, the 'Free' in the Wikipedia logo) will ask WordWeb to guess the word. (Note that right-clicking 'Encyclopedia' in the same logo returns 'Emyrlnpewa'). WordWeb 5 added the ability to list entries from three web sources: Wikipedia, Wiktionary, and WordWeb Online. These details are presented in three separate tabs, which are built into the client application. Version 6 added audio pronunciations and support for third-party Oxford and Chambers add-on dictionaries. IX. CONCLUSION A paper of this length cannot completely cover the topic of internet-based language learning. In the end, it has been uncovered that the approach of independent English learning through the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multileveled and multi-formed. In addition, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although independent learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it‟s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Independent English learning through the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Moreover, in attempts to promote a higher level of learner autonomy in Asia, it is JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1085 important for the instructor to encourage and organize team activities and homework assignments that will force students to explore realms and means that could ultimately pique a greater interest in autonomous learning. As English instructors, it becomes our responsibility to not only teach a language, but to also inform and instruct how to study outside the classroom. This will be accomplished by presenting tasks that inspire the learner to take learning into their own hands. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of Independent English learning through the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

Shingle match 13 of 13

near-exact run 32 words substitutions 2 LCS 0.145-gram Jaccard 0.25

EARLIER¶21-23

4.6 Online electronic bulletin board system Electronic bulletin boards system (BBS) also is called ‘forum’. We can participate in online electronic bulletin board system to English study and discussion. Electronic bulletin boards system like a big bulletin board, you can paste the issue of English learning to the above, and advocate the problems in the process of learning English. You can exchange of experience and discuss with your friends to find the best answer on it. Firstly, you have to conduct user registration in the relevant forums, such as the English forums of Sohu educational channel (http://learning.sohu.com/), and then enter into the bulletin board. If you want to visit more electronic bulletin board system, you can type "BBS" to conduct searches. Vol. 1, No. 2 English Language Teaching 150 5. Conclusion We find the approach of autonomy English learning on the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multi-leveled and multi-formed. Moreover, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although autonomy learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it’s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Autonomy English learning on the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of autonomy English learning on the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.

LATER¶40-42

WordWeb 5 added the ability to list entries from three web sources: Wikipedia, Wiktionary, and WordWeb Online. These details are presented in three separate tabs, which are built into the client application. Version 6 added audio pronunciations and support for third-party Oxford and Chambers add-on dictionaries. IX. CONCLUSION A paper of this length cannot completely cover the topic of internet-based language learning. In the end, it has been uncovered that the approach of independent English learning through the Internet is completely different from the traditional one. Learners obtain knowledge on the Internet instead of lonely dependence on teachers and books. Learning resources from the Internet not only are very colorful, but also multi-channeled, multi-perspective, multileveled and multi-formed. In addition, it is very quick and timely. We can choose learning materials from the extensive resources we need on the Internet, thus which easily aroused keen interest in learning initiative. It can fully move the initiative and enthusiasm and improve the learning efficiency. Although independent learning on the Internet can bring so much benefit and convenience to us, it‟s no enough to be used. If we really make the best use of it, our English learning will be expected and successful. Independent English learning through the Internet will be popular with everybody fully in the future. Moreover, in attempts to promote a higher level of learner autonomy in Asia, it is JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH © 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER 1085 important for the instructor to encourage and organize team activities and homework assignments that will force students to explore realms and means that could ultimately pique a greater interest in autonomous learning. As English instructors, it becomes our responsibility to not only teach a language, but to also inform and instruct how to study outside the classroom. This will be accomplished by presenting tasks that inspire the learner to take learning into their own hands. Everyone will develop and strengthen the ability of Independent English learning through the Internet, so that we can acquire the skill of life-long learning to serve ourselves and the whole society better.